Social groups

'A zha (2) 'Ba' (1) 'Bal (6) 'Ber (3) 'Bre (2) 'Bring yas (9) 'Bro (33) 'Brom (6) 'Bu na (1) 'Da'r (1) 'Dan ma (1) 'Dral (2) 'Go (1) 'Go 'bom (5) 'Gong bom (3) 'Greng ro (6) 'Jang (4) 'O ma lde (4) 'Ol (2) 'Ol god (1) 'Phan (2) An (10) Bal po (4) Bam (10) ban de (15) bKrags (2) blon (115) blon chen (37) bon po (1) Brag (2) Bran ka (3) btsan mo (6) btsun mo (17) Byin (1) Ce (1) Cog ro (34) Da rgyal (4) Dags (6) dBa's (25) dBrad (2) De'u (1) dGro (2) dGro snya (4) dre (1) Dru gu (4) gcen (3) gcung (4) Gle'u (1) gNang (3) gNo' (3) gNubs (12) gnyan (1) gNyi ba (5) gNyos (2) Gro (4) gshen (3) gTom (1) Gu rib (4) gZhams (3) je ba (2) Je'u (2) Jeng (2) Kam (3) Khang (5) Khe rgad (1) Khu (8) Khyung po (6) klu (1) Kvag (1) Lang gro (6) lCi sa (2) lCog la (1) lDe sman (4) lDe'u (2) lha (14) lHa lung (1) lHo (4) Lig (2) Mar (1) Mar kong (1) mChims (18) Meg le (4) mGar (13) mGos (2) mkhan po (13) mKhar pa (1) mNon (5) mNyan (3) Mon (1) Mong (3) mThon myi (2) Myang (17) Myva (4) Nem (1) Ngan lam (4) Ning (1) Pa gor (2) Pa tsab (5) pho nya (13) Pho yong (1) Phung (1) phyva (1) Reb kong (4) rGya gar (11) rGya nag (12) rgyal pran (23) rHya (2) Rlang (20) rMa (2) rMe'u (2) rNgegs (8) Rong spo (4) rTsig (1) Ru yong (2) Rye shin (1) Sag (1) sBrang (3) Seng go (6) She'u (2) Shud ke (1) Shud pu (4) sKa ba (2) sKya tsa (7) sKyi (3) sman (1) sNa nam (13) sNya shur (5) sPu rgyal btsan po (43) sPug (4) srin (14) Sro (1) stag (4) sTang (3) Sum pa (2) Tre (2) Tshar long (7) Tshes pong (14) Wang (1) Yo gang (5) Zha snga (3) zhang (38) zhu chen (6)

Friday 29 September 2017

sKya' tsa lDo dzom

00595 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

sKya' tsa (= sKya tsa) 


Period of activity 

IXth century 



Biographical data 

sKya' tsa lDo dzom and 'Phan 'De su rtsan were the guarantors in the sale of sKya' tsa lHa brtsan's horse to the dge slong Cang Bon car in Sheep year [827 or 839 ? (see Takeuchi 1995 p. 154)] (ms. PT 1297.3 l. 2-3, 8-9). 


Titles 


Notes 

For a study, a transliteration and a translation of ms. PT 1297.3, see Takeuchi 1995 p. 153-158.


Tuesday 26 September 2017

sKya' tsa lHa brtsan

00594 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

sKya' tsa (= sKya tsa) 


Period of activity 

IXth century 



Biographical data 

sKya' tsa lHa brtsan belonged to the Tshad stod gyi sde (ms. PT 1297.3 l. 2). 

sKya' tsa lHa brtsan was a contemporary of the zhang lHa bzang (chen po zhang lHa bzang ?) and the zhang sTag sum brtsan (? ms. PT 1297.3 l. 1). 

In Sheep year [827 or 839 ? (see Takeuchi 1995 p. 154)], sKya' tsa lHa brtsan sold his horse to the dge slong Cang Bon car (ms. PT 1297.3 l 2-3). 

sKya' tsa lDo dzom and 'Phan 'De su rtsan were the guarantors of the transaction (ms. PT 1297.3 l 8-9). 

The sale was witnessed by blon lHa bzang lha rton, blon lHa bzang 'do tse, 'Go kog thong (?), Je'u sTag legs, Hva' hva hva, 'Bom sTag tsho and 'Bom zhang skyes (ms. PT 1297.3 l 9-11). 


Titles 


Notes 

For a study, a transliteration and a translation of ms. PT 1297.3, see Takeuchi 1995 p. 153-158.


Monday 25 September 2017

Phrad nya bar ma

00593 
Other names / Alternative spellings 

Prajñāvarman (reconstructed name) 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

rGya gar (Indian) 

mkhan po 


Period of activity 

IXth century ? 



Biographical data 

The Indian scholar Phrad nya bar ma was working with the ban de Ye shes sde and the Indian mkhan po Dar ma pa la on the translation of buddhist texts in Tibetan (ms. PT 417


Titles 


Notes 

Possibly identical to the indian scholar Prad dz.hâ bar ma who, according to the chronicle attributed to Ne'u Pandita, was invited to Tibet in the time of Khri gTsug lde brtsan (Ne'u Pandita 2005 ed. p. 24). 


Shi len 'dra bo de

00504 
Other names / Alternative spellings 

Shi len dra po de (ms. PT 45 l. 14v3

Shi len 'dra bo de (ms. PT 99 l. 28r4

Shi lin tra bo de (ms. PT 797

Shîlendrabodhi (reconstructed name)

Śīlendrabodhi (reconstructed name)


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

rGya gar (Indian) 

mkhan po 


Period of activity 

IXth century ? 

Reign of of Khri lDe srong brtsan



Biographical data 

The Indian scholar Shi len dra bo de worked on the translation of buddhist texts with the ban de Ye shes sde and the indian mkhan po 'Dzi na mi tra (ms. PT 99 l. 28r4 ?, PT 797

Shi len dra po de was a contemporary of Bo de mi dra (ms. PT 45 l. 14v3). 


Titles 

mkhan po (ms. PT 99 l. 28r4


Notes

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 99, 797. 

See also BDRC : Shilendra Bodhi

According to the sGra sbyor bam po gnyis pa and the chronicle attributed to Ne'u Pandita, Shi len 'dra bo de was in Tibet in the time of Khri lDe srong brtsan (see "shî lendra bo dhi" in rTa rdo 2005 ed. p. 70, "shi la i.ndra bo dhi" in Ne'u Pandita 2005 ed. p. 23 ) 

Shi len 'dra bo de is sometime also named among the indian scholars invited in the time of Khri gTsug lde brtsan Ral pa can ("shî landre bo dhi" in Sa skya bSod nams rgyal mtshan's rGyal rabs gsal ba'i me long 2005 ed. p. 227, see also transl. in Sørensen 1994 p. 411). 

In later chronicles, Shi len 'dra bo de may sometime be confused with another indian scholar named Su ren dra bo de (see "su lendra bo dhi" in Ne'u Pandita 2005 ed. p. 24).


Bo de mi dra

00505 
Other names / Alternative spellings 

Bodhimitra (reconstructed name)


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

rGya gar (Indian) ? 

mkhan po


Period of activity 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan


Biographical data 

Bo de mi dra was [an Indian mkhan po (?) and] a contemporary of Shi len dra po de (ms. PT 45 l. 14v3). 


Titles 


Notes 

According to the chronicle attributed to Ne'u Pandita, "Bo dhi mi tra" was among the Indian scholars invited to Tibet in the time of Khri lDe srong brtsan (see Ne'u Pandita 2005 ed. p. 23).


Friday 22 September 2017

Su ren dra bo de

00485 
Other names / Alternative spellings 

Su ren 'dra' bo de (ms. PT 1582

Su 'dren dra bo de (ms. PT 1311)

Surendrabodhi (reconctructed name) 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

rGya gar (Indian)

mkhan po 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan


Biographical data 

Su ren dra bo de was an Indian scholar (mkhan po) who worked on translations with the [tibetan translator] ban 'de Be ro tsa na / Bo ro tsha na and the Indian scholar Shag kya bra ba / Shag kya pra ba (ms. PT 1582PT 1311).

Su ren dra bo de also worked with ban de Ye shes sde on the translation of buddhist texts [into Tibetan] (ms. PT 2105).  


Titles 

mkhan po (ms. PT 2105).


Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1311, 1582, 2105. 

According to sGra sbyor bam po gnyis pa and the chronicle attributed to Ne'u Pandita, Su ren dra bo de was in Tibet in the time of Khri lDe srong brtsan (see "su rendra bo dhi" and "su renta bo dhi" in rTa rdo 2005 ed. p. 70, 205, "su ra i.ndra bo dhi" in Ne'u Pandita 2005 ed. p. 23). 

Mss. PT 1582 and PT 1311 could point to earlier times, since (Pa gor ?) Be ro tsa na is usually associated with the reign of Khri Srong lde btsan. 

According to Nyang Nyi ma 'od zer, Su ren dra bo de was invited in the time of Khri gTsug lde brtsan Ral pa can (see "su ren dra bo dhi" in Nyang Nyi ma 'od zer 2010 ed. p. 389). 

Su ren dra bo de may sometime be confused with another indian scholar named Shi len dra bo de (see "su lendra bo dhi" in Ne'u Pandita 2005 ed. p. 24).


Thursday 21 September 2017

'Dzi na mi tra

00589 
Other names / Alternative spellings 

'Dzi myi tra (ms. PT 24

'Dzin myi thra (ms. PT 51

'Dzi na mi tra (ms. PT 79, PT 797

Jinamitra (reconstructed name) 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

rGya gar (Indian) 

mkhan po 


Period of activity 

IXth century 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan


Biographical data 

'Dzi na mi tra worked with Shi lin dra bo de, Da na shi la and ban de Ye shes sde on the translation of buddhist texts into Tibetan (ms.PT 24, PT 51, PT 79, PT 797). 


Titles 

mkhan po (ms. PT 24, PT 51PT 79PT 797


Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 24, 51, 79, 797. 

'Dzi na mi tra was of Kashmiri origin according to Nyang Nyi ma 'od zer and the chronicle attributed to Ne'u Pandita ( "kha che'i paṇ ḍi ta dzi na mi tra" Nyang Nyi ma 'od zer 2010 ed. p. 389, "kha che mkhan po dzî na mi tra" Ne'u Pandita 2005 ed. p. 24). 

According to sGra sbyor bam po gnyis pa and Ne'u Pandita, 'Dzi na mi tra was in Tibet in the time of Khri lDe srong brtsan (see "dzi na mi tra" in rTa rdo 2005 ed. p. 70, 205, "arya dzi na mi tra" in Ne'u Pandita 2005 ed. p. 23). 

'Dzi na mi tra is also listed among the indian scholars invited in the time of Khri gTsug lde brtsan Ral pa can (see "dzi na mi tra" in Nyang Nyi ma 'od zer 2010 ed. p. 389, "dzî na mi tra" in Ne'u Pandita 2005 ed. p. 24, "dzi na mi tra" in Sa skya bSod nams rgyal mtshan 2005 ed. p. 227, see also transl. in Sørensen 1994 p. 411).


Da na shi la

00590 
Other names / Alternative spellings 

Danaśila (reconstructed name) 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

rGya gar (Indian)

mkhan po 


Period of activity 

IXth century 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan


Biographical data 

Da na shi la was an indian mkhan po who worked with Dzin myi thra/ 'Dzi na mi tra (i. e. Jinamitra) and Ye shes sde on the translation of buddhist texts into Tibetan (ms. PT 51, PT 79). 


Titles 

mkhan po 


Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 51, 79. 

Dha na shi la was of Singhalese origin according to the chronicle attributed to Ne'u Pandita ("sing ga la'i mkhan po dha na shi la", Ne'u Pandita 2005 ed. p. 24). 

According to sGra sbyor bam po gnyis pa and Ne'u Pandita, Da na shi la was in Tibet in the time of Khri lDe srong brtsan (see "dâ na shî la" in rTa rdo 2005 ed. p. 70, 205 and "da na shi la" in Ne'u Pandita 2005 ed. p. 23). 

Da na shi la is also sometime listed among the indian scholars invited in the time of Khri gTsug lde brtsan Ral pa can (see "dhâ na shî la" in Nyang Nyi ma 'od zer 2010 ed. p. 389, "dha na shi la" in Ne'u Pandita 2005 ed. p. 24, "dâ na shî la" in Sa skya bSod nams rgyal mtshan 2005 ed. p. 227, see also transl. in Sørensen 1994 p. 411 ).


Wednesday 20 September 2017

ban de Ye shes sde

00588 
Other names / Alternative spellings 

Ye she.sde (? ms. PT 51

Ye shes ? ( PT 99 l. 28r4


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

sNa nam family ?

ban de (monk) 

zhu chen


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan

Reign of Mu ne brtsan

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan


Biographical data 

Ban de Ye shes sde was a reviser and a translator [of Buddhist texts] (ms. PT 24, PT 51, PT 79) and a contemporary of the copyist 'Greng ro Legs 'Dus, and the revisers mDog Yul zung, rGya mThong kong, and ban de De bzhin gshegs (ms. 1312). 

Ban de Ye shes sde worked on translations [of Buddhist texts] with several Indian masters : 




- Dar ma pa la (ms. PT 417 l. 2v3-4, ITJ 428 l. 2v5, ITJ 430 l. 14v1)

- Phrad nya bar ma (ms. PT 417 l. 2v3-4, ITJ 428 l. 2v5, ITJ 430 l. 14v1)


Ban de Ye shes sde translated and revised, and reworked and revised his own translations according to new norms ("skad gsar", ms. PT 551, PT 552). 


Titles 

ban de (ms. PT 51, PT 79, PT 99 l. 28r4, PT 417, PT 551, PT 552, PT 797, PT 2105ITJ 428 l. 2v5, ITJ 430 l. 14v1)

ban 'de (ms. PT 24)

zhus chen gyi lo tsa pa (ms. PT 79)

zhu chen kyi lo tsa pa (ms. PT 417 l. 2v3-4, ITJ 430 l. 14v1)

zhu chen gi lo tsa pa (ms. PT 99 l. 28r4?) 

zhu chen gyi lo tsa pa (ms. PT 2105

zhu can gyi lo tsa pa (ms. PT 51

zhu cen gyi lo tsa pa (ms. PT 24, PT 797ITJ 428 l. 2v5)


Notes 

Most likely identical to the famous and prolific translator ban de sNa nam zhang Ye shes sde mentioned by later sources as a translator in the time of Khri Srong lde brtsan (see among others : rGyal rabs gsal ba'i me long p. 221, Sørensen 1994 p. 399, see also Rhaldi 2002 and BDRC). 

Often united with sKa ba’ dPal rtsags and Cog ro Klu'i rgyal mtshan under appellations such as "ka cog rnam 3" (dBa' bzhed 2010 ed. p. 48) or "ka lcog zhang gsum" (Ne'u pandita 2005 ed. p. 24). 

According to Padma bka' thang, under the reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan, Ka ba dPal brtseg and Cog ro Klu'i rgyal mtshan worked on translations with Pad ma sam ba ba while ban de Ye shes sde worked with mkhan po Bo dhi sa tva (Padma bka' thang ch. 70, 1996 ed. p. 412-413). 

Ban de Ye shes sde took part in the debates concerning the funerals of Khri Srong lde brtsan [c. 797 ?] (dBa' bzhed 2010 ed. p. 51, also Wangdu, Diemberger, Sørensen 2000 p. 96). 

According to the dBa' bzhed, the three translators Ka ba dPal brtseg, Cog ro Klu'i rgyal mtshan and ban de Ye shes sde (ka cog rnam 3) worked on new translations and revised the old ones under the reign of Khri gTsug lde btsan Ral pa can (dBa' bzhed 2010 ed. p. 48 also Wangdu, Diemberger, Sørensen 2000 p. 90, also in Sa skya bSod nams rgyal mtshan's rGyal rabs gsal ba'i me long 2005 ed. p. 227, Sørensen 1998 p. 412). 

See also Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 24, 51, 79, 99, 417, 551, 552, 797, 1312, 2105


Monday 18 September 2017

'Greng ro Legs 'dus

00566 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

'Greng ro 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan ? 

Reign of Mu ne brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan ? 

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan ? 


Biographical data 

'Greng ro Legs 'dus was a copyist (ms. PT 1312 f. 36b) and a contemporary of : 

- the ban de Ye shes sde, reviser (ms. PT 1312 f. 36b)

- mDog Yul zung, reviser (ms. PT 1312 f. 36b)

- rGya mThong kong, reviser (ms. PT 1312 f. 36b)


Titles 


Notes 

See also (another ?) "Legs 'dus", a reviser [of Buddhist texts] in ms. PT 1340

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1312, 1340.

Mentioned in Dotson 2013-2014 [2015] p. 20, 24 


Lang Legs 'dus

00576 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Lang (= Rlang ?) 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 


Biographical data 

Lang Legs 'dus was a copyist [of Buddhist texts] (ms. PT 1631). 

Lang Legs 'dus was a contemporary of :

- Khrom zigs, reviser (ms. PT 1631).

- 'Phan legs, copyist (ms. PT 1631).

- Im sTag rma (ms. PT 1631).


Titles 


Notes 

See also (another ?) "Legs 'dus", a reviser [of Buddhist texts] in ms. PT 1340

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1340, 1631.


Cog ro Legs 'dus

00600 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

Cog ro family 


Period of activity 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan


Biographical data 

Cog ro Legs 'dus was [a Tibetan messenger ?] active in a Rat year [820 ?] and a contemporary of the 'phrin blon sTag bzher rgod khyung (ms. PT 1089 l. r51). 


Titles 


Notes 

On ms. PT 1089 see Scherrer-Schaub 2007, also Lalou 1956


Friday 15 September 2017

dGro snya

rus0032 
Alternative spellings 

sGro snya (ms. PT 149 l. v3

dGro snya (ms. PT 1240 l. 12


Functions 


Notes 

dGro snya was the name of a rus according to ms. PT 1240 l. 12.



sGro snya Ye shes byang chub

00217 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

sGro snya (= dGro snya) 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century 



Biographical data 

sGro snya Ye shes byang chub was a slob dpon residing in Sho ma la (ms. PT 149 l. v3, Sho ma ra of Skyi ? see Van Schaik, Doney 2007 (2009) p. 202). 

After a vision, sGro snya Ye shes byang chub and Ngan lam rGyal mchog skyong joined dBa' dPal dbyangs (near 'Ching pu ?) on his way to the pure land of bDe ba can (ms. PT 149 l. v3). 


Titles 

slod dpon (ms. PT 149 l. v3) 


Notes 

On ms. PT 149, see Van Shaik, Doney 2007 (2009)


sKya tsa lHa rton

00591 
Other names / Alternative spellings 

sKya tsa lHa rton (ms. PT 1576, PT 1598

sKya tsha lHa rton (ms. PT 1598


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

sKya tsa / sKya tsha 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Reign of Khri Srong lde brtsan

Reign of Mu ne brtsan

Reign of Khri lDe srong brtsan

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan

Reign of 'U 'i dum brtan


Biographical data 

sKya tsa lHa rton was a copyist [of Buddhist texts] (ms. PT 1598

sKya tsa lHa rton was a reviser [of Buddhist texts] and a contemporary of  the reviser Cog ro Tor la kong (ms. PT 1576


Titles 


Notes

An unnamed btsan po lha sras is mentioned at the back of ms. PT 1598 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1576, 1598 


sKya tsha Khyi myugs

00599
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

sKya tsha (= sKya tsa) 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Xth century ? 


Biographical data 

sKya tsha Khyi myugs (?) was a copyist [of Buddhist texts] and a contemporary of 'Bring yas Mang po rje stag la brtsan and sBrang Khrom bzher (ms. PT 1589


Titles 


Notes 

See also Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1589


Thursday 14 September 2017

sKya tsa lHa lho

00598 
Other names / Alternative spellings 

sKya tsa lHa lho byon snang? (ms. PT 1612 verso) according to Lalou 1939-1961 

sKya tsa lHa lho? (ms. PT 1612, verso)*


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

sKya tsa


Period of activity 

IXth century?**

Reign of Khri gTsug lde brtsan?** 


Biographical data 

sKya tsa lHa lho byon snang (?) was a reviser (ms. PT 1612 verso

sKya tsa lHa lho byon snang was a contemporary of Gling ma and Byon snang, revisers (ms. PT 1612 verso, see also "lDe'u Gling rma and Byon snang" in ms. PT 1581, "Le'u Byon snang and Gling rma" in ms. PT 1586...).**


Titles 


Notes 

See also Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n. 1612

*Perhaps, since Le'u Byon sNang is a well attested reviser, "skya tsha lha lho byon snang" should be interpreted as "sKya tsa lHa lho [and] Byon snang", or even, as the reading at the end of the line is not so clear "sKya tsha lHa rto[n] and Byon snang".


Mention of skya tsa lha lho byon snang in ms. PT 1612 
Source: Gallica

**Gling rma and Byon snang were contemporaries of dPal gyi ngang tshul (ms. PT 1587), mentioned in Dotson 2013-2014 [2015] p. 40 and a contemporary of 'Gong bom Yul byin.


Wednesday 13 September 2017

sKya tsa Khyi bal

00596 
Other names / Alternative spellings 


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

sKya tsa ? 


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Xth century ?


Biographical data 

sKya tsa Khyi bal was a reviser [of buddhist texts] and a contemporary of :

- gTom Legs bzher, reviser (ms. PT 1642). 

- Ser yo Khrom zigs, reviser (ms. PT 1642).

- Mo zom klu bzher, copyist (ms. PT 1642).



Titles 


Notes 

See Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1642


sKya tsa Khyi skyu

00597 
Other names / Alternative spellings 

sKya tsa Khyi skyu ? (ms. PT 1617


Social groups (status, family, lineage...) 

sKya tsa ?


Period of activity 

VIIIth century ? 

IXth century ? 

Xth century ? 


Biographical data 


Titles 


Notes 

See also Lalou 1939-1961 doc. n° 1617